Analysis of nutrition intake based on gender in adolescents

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Teenage is one of the important phases in life. At this stage adolescents need adequate nutritional intake to support the growth spurt process. AIM: The study wanted to see how nutrition is based on gender in the city of Makassar. METHODS: This research was conducted in one senior high school in Makassar city, the capital city of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The study lasted for 3 months, from July to August 2018. The population in this study was students of class XI and class XII in the 2018–2019 academic year, amounting to 594 people. The sample amounted to 114 students using a sampling technique of systematic random sampling. Characteristics of respondents were collected using a standard questionnaire. The intake data were collected through 24-h food recall and processed using nutrisurvey. All information is then processed using SPSS. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. RESULTS: The majority of respondents in this study were girls adolescent (63.2%), age 16 years (52.6%), normal nutritional status (81.6%), education of fathers and mothers graduating from high school or equivalent (42.1% and 43, 0%), education of self-employed fathers (50%), and employment of mothers are housewives (79.8%), and pocket money of Rp. 10,000–20,000 (50.9%). The study found that male adolescents had a mean higher intake of energy, fat, fiber, vitamin A, vitamin B9, Vitamin B12 and Calcium. Whereas female adolescents have a mean higher intake of protein, vitamin B6, vitamin C, Fe and zinc. But the intake is not significantly different. Based on the adequacy of the 80% rate of nutritional needs, it was found that all adolescents did not meet these standards. CONCLUSION: Nutritional intake in adolescents in Makassar still does not meet the recommended intake standards and does not differ in all sexes. Macronutrient and micronutrient intake in young men and women still does not meet the recommended nutritional adequacy rate.

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