Affectivity dose of Acorus calamus (Sweet flag) to reduce the ammonia in hospital wastewater

Abstract

Background and Objective: Some applicable traditional technologies to clean up contaminated soil and water have been proven to be efficient but they are usually very expensive and need to control continuously. The aim of the study was to determine the rate at which the ammonia (NH 3 ) content in hospital wastewater decreased using the sweet flag plant (Acorus calamus). Materials and Methods: The research was quasi-experimental with a time series design conducted in a special PVC (polyvinyl chloride) container with a medium volume of 45 L tubG 1 and a glass container equipped with a water pump. The data were processed using a statistical regression test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The research results revealed that the ammonia level decreased to 0.003 mg LG 1 or by 99.48% in a container growing a sweet flag plant. The level in the container without a sweet flag plant was 0.317 mg LG 1 and the ammonia level only decreased by 45.63%. Meanwhile, the level in a pool with a water stream decreased to 0.007 mg LG 1 over 8 h. Conclusion: It was concluded that sweet flag plants can be used to reduce the levels of ammonia by 99.48% compared to that without the use of a sweet flag plant (45.63%). In addition, the use of the system water flow more quickly reduced the levels of ammonia and BOD values and raised the level of DO required by the biota. Information on the use of sweet flag should be promoted by the government as a method to reduce the ammonia content (NH 3 ) in the hospital environment.

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