Acute Toxicity and Lethal Dose (LD50) of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Dandang Gendis (Clinacanthus nutans L) Leaves on Mice Using the Thompson-Weil Method

Abstract

Dandang Gendis (Clinachantus nutans L.) is a plant commonly used in traditional medicine. Based on the empirical experience of people, dandang gendis leaves are believed to possess antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. This study aimed to determine the LD50 value to assess the toxicity level of the extract and the resulting toxic effects of dandang gendis leaves. The Thompson-Weil calculation method was employed in this study, utilising 25 mice divided into 5 groups of 5 mice each. Group one served as a control (Na-CMC 1%), while the other four groups were treated with graded concentrations of 2.5% w/v, 5% w/v, 10% w/v, and 20% w/v of the extract. The extract was orally administered only once at the beginning of the study period. After administration, the mice were observed at specific intervals: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 12, and 24 hours. Subsequent observations were made after 24 hours, and the mice were monitored for delayed toxic effects over 14 days. From acute toxicity testing of the ethyl acetate extract of dandang gendis leaves, the LD50 value was 6.15 g/kg BW, showing the extract is not toxic at this oral dose in mice. Further research may be necessary to fully understand the potential health benefits and risks associated with dandang gendis, particularly as an antidiabetic agent.

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